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What you may have in today's pre-tax dollars

Retirement savings

This is the retirement income that your current retirement plan will provide. To calculate it, we first determine how much you'll have saved by the time you reach retirement (your "nest egg"). Then, we use the "4% rule" – that is, we assume that you can afford to spend approximately 4% of your initial nest egg each year in retirement and be reasonably confident that you won't outlive your savings. The result is adjusted for inflation (3% annually). 

Social Security

This is the estimated Social Security retirement income you'll receive beginning at age 62 or later. The accuracy of this estimate depends on the pattern of your actual past earnings and on your earnings in the future. This estimate may not be representative of your situation.

Pension Benefit

This is the income that you'll receive from your pension. We assume your pension will increase until retirement to keep pace with inflation.

What you'll need in today's pre-tax dollars

This is the estimated amount that you'll need each month during retirement, based on the percentage that you chose. We take your current income, calculate what it will be by the time you retire (assuming an annual inflation rate of 3%), and multiply the result by the percentage of income replacement you chose. We then convert this result to today's dollars.

This illustration is hypothetical and does not represent the return on any particular investment. The rate is not guaranteed. All investing is subject to risk, including the possible loss of the money you invest.

Information and interactive calculators are made available to you as educational tools for your independent use and are not intended to provide financial planning or investment advice. These tools help you see which factors are most important to consider in making a particular financial decision, and they illustrate the relative impact of each factor on the projected outcome.

All examples in these tools are hypothetical and for illustrative purposes only. We cannot and do not guarantee the accuracy of the results or their applicability to your individual circumstances.

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You can invest in a mutual fund with as little as $1,000, but there are no minimums to open a Vanguard IRA Brokerage Account.  

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Vanguard’s advice services are provided by Vanguard Advisers, Inc., (“VAI”), a registered investment advisor, or by Vanguard National Trust Company (“VNTC”), a federally chartered, limited-purpose trust company.

The services provided to clients will vary based upon the service selected, including management, fees, eligibility, and access to an advisor. Find VAI’s Form CRS and each program’s advisory brochure here for an overview.

VAI and VNTC are subsidiaries of The Vanguard Group, Inc., and affiliates of Vanguard Marketing Corporation ("VMC"). Neither VAI, VNTC, nor its affiliates guarantee profits or protection from losses.

All investing is subject to risk, including the possible loss of the money you invest.

We recommend that you consult a tax or financial advisor about your individual situation.